Counting in Japanese

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Counting

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Dai 6 ka

BUNKEI

1. N + を + Verb(transitive) → to indicate direct object of the transitive verb.
   
2. N + を+ shimasu → the objects of the verb shimasu cover a fairly wide range.
   
3. N(place) + で + Verb → The particle で indicates the place where the action occurs.
   
4. V + masenka → It is used when you want to invite someone to do something.
   
5. V + mashou → It is used when the speaker is positively inviting the listener to do something with the speaker.
   
6. N(tools/means) + で + V → indicates a method or a mean.
   
7. Subject + は + person + に + object を+ agemasu → It's giving action. It shows that the subject give object to the person. The others verb like kashimasu , oshiemasu,… etc, is also describe giving action.
   
8. Subject + は + person + に + object を+ moraimasu → It's receiving action. It shows that the subject receive object from the person. The others verb like karimasu and naraimasu is also describe receiving action.
   
9. Mou + Verb(mashita) → mou means already, and used with verb in the past. The answer to the question Mou+ V(mashita) ka, is "hai, mou V(mashita)" or "iie, mada desu"
   
10. Person +へ+ no + Noun → indicates the person or thing to which an action directed. The common meaning is "to" or "for".
    

REIBUN

1. Kore wa anata e no purezento desu. >> This is a present for you.
   
2. Sore wa okāsan e no tegami desu. >> That is letter for your mother.
   
3. Sushi o tabemasu. >> I will eat sushi.
   
4. Ashita anata wa kaigi o shimasu. >> You will hold a meeting tomorrow.
   
5. Toshokan de manga o yomimasu. >> I read comic at library.
   
6. Isshoni Bari e ikimasenka. Ee, ii desu ne. >> Won't you come to Bali with us? That's a good idea.
   
7. Chotto yasumimashou. >> Let's have a break.
   
8. Hashi de gohan o tabemasu. >> I eat rice with chopstick.
   
9. Mou hirugohan o tabemashita ka. Iie, mada desu. >> Have you eaten your lunch? No, not yet.
   
10. David-san wa Angeline-san ni hana o agemasu. >> Mr. David give blossom to Ms. Angeline.
    
11. Angel Steven-san ni okane o kashimashita. >> I lent my money to Ms. Angel Steven.
    
12. Cowens-san ni nihon-go o oshiemasu. >> I teach Cowens Japanese.
    
13. Regina-san ni T-shatsu o moraimashita. >> I received T-shirt from Regina.
    
14. Wan-san ni chuugoku-go o moraimasu. >> I learn Chinese from Ms. Wang.
    
15. "Konnichiwa" wa Indonesia-go de nan desuka. "Selamat siang" desu. >> What is "Konnichiwa" in Indonesian? It is "Selamat siang".
    

TANGO

1. Tabemasu     : eat
   
2. Nomimasu     : drink
   
3. Yomimasu     : read
   
4. Mimasu     : see, watch
   
5. Suimasu     : smoke
   
6. Kakimasu     : write
   
7. Kikimasu     : listen
   
8. Kaimasu     : buy
   
9. Torimasu     : take
   
10. Shimasu     : do
    
11. Aimasu     : meet
    
12. Kirimasu     : cut, slice
    
13. Okurimasu     : send
    
14. Agemasu     : give
    
15. Moraimasu     : receive
    
16. Kashimasu     : lend
    
17. Karimasu     : borrow
    
18. Oshiemasu     : teach
    
19. Naraimasu     : learn
    
20. Denwa o Kakemasu     : make a telephone call
    
21. Hirugohan     : lunch
    
22. Asagohan     : breakfast
    
23. Eiga     : movie
    
24. Tegami     : letter
    
25. Hana     : blossom, flower
    
26. Shatsu     : shirt
    
27. Okane     : money
    
28. Hashi     : chopstick
    
29. Te     : hand
    
30. Chichi     : (my) father
    
31. Haha     : (my) mother
    
32. Otousan     : (someone else's) father
    
33. Okāsan     : (someone else's) mother
    
34. Mada     : not yet
    
35. Supūn     : spoon
    
36. Fōku     : fork
    
37. Naigu     : knife
    
38. Hasami     : scissors
    
39. Pasokon     : personal computer
    
40. Kami     : paper
    
41. Purezento     : gift, present
    
42. Nimotsu     : parcel

Dai 5 ka (lesson 5)

BUNKEI

1. Noun(place) + へ
   + ikimasu/ kimasu/ kaerimasu → The particle "へ" is put after the place noun to show direction of move.
   
2. Particles :
   

• Particle はis read 'wa'
  
• Particle へ is read 'e'
  
• Particle をis read 'o'
  
• Particle も is read 'mo'
  
• particle でis read 'de'
  

1. Doko + も + ikimasen / ikimasen deshita → When an interrogative takes the particle もand the verb following it is negative, all that is represented by the interrogative is denied.
   
2. N(vehicle) + で + ikimasu → the particle でindicates a means or a method.
   
3. Sentence + よ　→It is used to emphasize information which the listener doesn't know, or to show that you are giving your judgement.
   

REIBUN

1. Uchi e kaerimasu. >> I'll go home.
   
2. Watashi wa kazoku to nihon e ikimasu. >> I go to Japan with my family.
   
3. Ashita doko e ikimasuka. Doubutsuen e ikimasu. >> Where will you go tomorrow? I will go to the zoo.
   
4. Tanjoubi wa itsu desuka. 12 gatsu ni jū yokka desu. >> When is your birthday? It is December 24^th.
   
5. Anata wa nan de depaato e ikimasu ka. Jidousha de ikimasu. >> How will you go to department store? I will go by car.
   
6. Kongetsu wa nan gatsu desuka. 3 gatsu desu. >> What month is this month? It is March.
   
7. Kono shinkansen wa Osaka e ikimasuka. Iie, ikimasen. Tsugi no densha desu yo. >> Does this bullet train go to Osaka? No, it doesn't. The next train does.
   
8. Kodomo no hi ni wa kazoku to doko e ikimasuka. Doko mo ikimasen. >> At the Children's day where will you go with family? I don't go anywhere.
   
9. Watashi wa kinō no yoru koibito to kuruma de eigakan e ikimashita. >> I went to the movie theatre with girlfriend by car last night.
   
10. Dare to kankoku e ikimashita ka. Kyoudai to ikimashita. >>Who did you go to Korea with? I went with brothers and sisters.
    

TANGO

1. Ikimasu     : go
   
2. Kimasu     : come
   
3. Kaerimasu     : go home, return
   
4. Suupaa     : supermarket
   
5. Hikouki     : airplane
   
6. Fune     : ship
   
7. Densha     : electric train
   
8. Shinkansen     : express
   
9. Basu     : bus
   
10. Jidousha     : car
    
11. Kuruma     : car
    
12. Jitensha     : bicycle
    
13. Aruite     : on foot
    
14. Tomodachi     : friend
    
15. Kare     : he, boyfriend
    
16. Kanojo     : she, girlfriend
    
17. Koibito     : sweetheart
    
18. Kazoku     : family
    
19. Hitori de    : alone
    
20. Kyoudai     : brothers and sisters
    
21. Senshuu     : last week
    
22. Konshuu     : this week
    
23. Raishuu     : next week
    
24. Sengetsu     : last month
    
25. Kongetsu     : this month
    
26. Raigetsu     : next month
    
27. Kyonen     : last year
    
28. Kotoshi     : this year
    
29. Rainen     : next year
    
30. ~gatsu     : ~th month of the year
    
31. Nan gatsu     : what month
    
32. Tsuitachi     : first day of the month
    
33. Futsuka     : second, two days
    
34. Mikka     : third, three days
    
35. Yokka     : fourth, four days
    
36. Itsuka     : fifth, five days
    
37. Muika     : sixth, six days
    
38. Nanoka     : seventh, seven days
    
39. Youka     : eighth, eight days
    
40. Kokonoka     : ninth, nine days
    
41. Tooka     : tenth, ten days
    
42. Jūyokka     : fourteenth, fourteen days
    
43. Hatsuka     : twentieth, twenty days
    
44. Nijūyokka     : twenty fourth, twenty four days
    
45. ~nichi     : ~th day of the month, ~days
    
46. Nan nichi     : which day of the month, how many days
    
47. Itsu     : when
    
48. Tanjoubi     : bithday
    
49. Tsugi no     : next
    
50. Eki     : station

Dai 4 ka (lesson 4)

BUNKEI

1. ~Verb-masu → expresses a habitual thing or truth. And is used when a sentence expresses a thing that will happen in the future.
   

   		Present (Future)	Past
   Affirmative		~V-masu	~V-mashita
   Negative		~V-masen	~V-masen deshita

   The Modified is also same to ~desu.
   

   		Present (Future)	Past
   Affirmative		~desu	~deshita
   Negative		~ja arimasen	~ja arimasen deshita

   
    

2. N(time) + ni + V → It indicates time when the action of the Verb is happen.
   
3. ~kara ~made →
   kara indicates the starting place or time, made indicates the finishing time or place.
   
4. + to + → The particle "to" connects two nouns in coordinate relation.
   
5. Sentence + ne → It shows the speaker's sympathy that the listener will agree.
   

~V-masu	~V-masen	~V-mashita	~V-masen deshita
ikimasu	ikimasen	ikimashita	Ikimasen deshita
okimasu	okimasen	okimashita	Okimasen deshita
yasumimasu	yasumimasen	yasumimashita	Yasumimasen deshita
hatarakimasu	hatarakimasen	hatarakimashita	Hatarakimasen desita

 

 

REIBUN

1. Ashita 6 ji ni okimasu. >> I'll get up at six tomorrow morning.
   
2. Kesa 7 ji ni okimashita. >> I got up at seven this morning.
   
3. 9 ji kara 5 ji made hatarakimasu. >> I work from nine to five.
   
4. Hiruyasumi wa 12 ji kara desu. >> Lunchtime start at twelve.
   
5. Gakkou no yasumi wa do youbi to nichi youbi desu. >> The school is closed on Saturdays and Sundays.
   
6. A: Mai nichi 10 ji made benkyoushimasu. >> I study till ten every day.
   

   B: Taihen desu ne. >> That must be hard.
   

7. Tokyo daigaku no denwa bangou wa nan ban desuka. 368 no 4873 desu. >> What is the telephone number of Tokyo University? It is 368-4873.
   
8. Kinou benkyou shimashita ka. Iie, benkyou shimasen deshita. >> Did you study yesterday? No, I didn't.
   
9. Watashi wa mai asa 7 ji han ni okimasu. >> I get up 7:30 every morning.
   
10. Ima nan ji desuka. 7 ji 15 fun desu. >> What time is it now? It is 7:15.
    

TANGO

1. Okimasu     : get up
   
2. Nemasu     : sleep
   
3. Hatarakimasu     : work
   
4. Yasumimasu     : take a rest, take a holiday
   
5. Benkyoushimasu     : study
   
6. Owarimasu     : finish
   
7. Toshokan     : library
   
8. Ginkou     : bank
   
9. Bijutsukan     : art museum
   
10. Ima     : now
    
11. ~ji     : ~o'clock
    
12. ~fun / pun     : ~minute
    
13. Han     : half
    
14. Nan ji     : what time
    
15. Nan pun     : what minute
    
16. Gozen     : a.m. morning
    
17. Gogo     : p.m. afternoon
    
18. Asa     : morning
    
19. Hiru     : noon
    
20. Ban / yoru     : night, evening
    
21. Kinou     : yesterday
    
22. Kyou     : today
    
23. Ashita     : tomorrow
    
24. Kesa     : this morning
    
25. Konban     : tonight
    
26. Yasumi     : rest, a day off
    
27. Maiasa     : every morning
    
28. Mainichi     : every day
    
29. Maiban     : every night
    
30. Getsu youbi     : Monday
    
31. Ka youbi     : Tuesday
    
32. Sui youbi     : Wednesday
    
33. Moku youbi     : Thursday
    
34. Kin youbi     : Friday
    
35. Do youbi     : Saturday
    
36. Nichi youbi     : Sunday
    
37. Bangou     : number
    
38. Nan ban     : what number
    
39. ~kara~made     : from~until~
    
40. ~to~     : and (used to connect nouns)

Dai 3 ka (Lesson 3)

BUNKEI

1. Koko/Soko/Asoko + wa + Noun (place) + desu → It's demonstrative which refer to place
   
2. Kochira/Sochira/Achira + wa + Noun (place / direction) + desu → These demonstratives is politer than koko, soko, and asoko
   

 

REIBUN (EXAMPLE)

1. O-tearai wa asoko desu. >> The rest room is there.
   
2. Koko wa shokudou desu. >> This is dining hall.
   
3. Denwa wa asoko desu. >> The telephone is over there.
   
4. O-kuni wa dochira desuka? Indoneshia desu. >> Which country are you from? Indonesia.
   
5. Kono nekutai wa ikura desuka? 26,000-en desu. >> How much is this necktie? It's 26,000 yen.
   
6. Ayumi-san wa kaigishitsu desu. >> Ms. Ayumi is in the conference room.
   
7. Erebeetaa wa dochira desuka? Achira desu. >> Where's the elevator? It's there.
   
8. Gakkou wa doko desuka? Sutomo desu. >> What's the name of your school? It's Sutomo.
   
9. Shinshifuku wa san kai desu. >> The men's wear is on the third floor.
   
10. Kagu wa ni kai desu. >> The furniture is on the second floor.
    

TANGO (VOCABULARY)

1. Koko    : here, this place
   
2. Soko    : there, that place near you
   
3. Asoko    : that place over there
   
4. Doko    : where, what place
   
5. Kochira    : this way, this place
   
6. Sochira    : that way, that place near you
   
7. Achira    : that way, that place over there
   
8. Dochira    : which way, where
   
9. Kaigishitsu    : conference room
   
10. Jimusho    : office
    
11. Shokudou    : canteen
    
12. Kyoushitsu    : classroom
    
13. Heya    : room
    
14. Toire    : toilet, rest room
    
15. Kaidan    : staircase
    
16. Erebeetaa    : elevator
    
17. Esukareetaa    : escalator
    
18. {O} kuni    : country
    
19. Kaisha    : company
    
20. Uchi    : home
    
21. Nekutai    : necktie
    
22. Kutsu    : shoes
    
23. Denwa    : telephone
    
24. Tabako    : cigarette
    
25. Chika    : basement
    
26. …kai    : -th floor
    
27. Nangai    : what floor
    
28. …en    : -yen
    
29. Shinshi fuku    : men's wear
    
30. Fujin fuku    : ladies' wear
    
31. Kagu    : furniture
    
32. Shokki    : kitchenware
    
33. Tenki seihin    : electrical appliances
    
34. Omocha    : toys
    
35. Kodomo fuku    : children's clothes